The course of Brexit was set in the hours and days after the 2016 referendum. / It was at 6:22 a.m. on June 24, 2016 — 59 minutes before the official tally was unveiled — that the European Council sent its first “lines to take” to the national governments that make up the EU.

The challenge posed by Britain leaving the EU gave the European Commission an opportunity to embed its values and its members’ interests.

Drawing on their recent article, Tim Bale and Karl Pike explore the consequences of the ‘Merkel myth’ for Brexit – the notion that the key to UK withdrawal lay with Angela Merkel.

Economic hardship and war have not pushed Europe’s nations apart, but closer together.

When people voted for ‘Leave’ on 23 June 2016, nobody had been told – let alone asked – what Leave meant.

On 7 October last year, there was a defining phone call between Boris Johnson and Angel Merkel.

This evening, Michel Barnier said the EU was ready to offer Britain a unilateral exit from the customs union while maintaining the other elements of the backstop.

As the risk of a disorderly, ‘no deal’ Brexit rises, members of the Eurogroup for Animals Brexit & Animals Taskforce met in London to ensure that the welfare of animals would be safeguarded, whatever happens.